Sterding in the World

50 YEARS AGO

The longest earthworm in the world, Megascolides australis, is found in Gippsland, Australia, and grows up to eleven feet in length…When disturbed, the worm squirts out a series of pairs of jets of fluid from a line of pores opening down each side of the body. The effect can be most spectacular, for these jets rise as high as eighteen inches or two feet into the air. Although there are reports that the fluid has a corrosive action, it is only slightly alkaline and contains some dissolved salts, body wastes like urea and some proteinous materials and cells. The fluid comes from the worm’s body cavity and is squirted out by violent contractions of the body-wall which force the fluid out under great pressure through the pores. There is no record of the fluid having anything but a mildly irritating effect on the skin of human beings. The fluid is used for lining or lubricating the burrows of the worms.

From Nature 12 May 1956.

Ｓｔｅｒｄｉｎｇ：５０年前的Ｎａｔｕｒｅ在关注一条世界上最长的蚯蚓，１１英尺长，身体两侧还长了很多毛孔（恐怖！），可以往外喷液体，能喷到１８英寸到２英尺高，晕！不过还好，这些液体对人体皮肤只有轻微的刺激作用。

100 YEARS AGO

"The bicentenary celebration of the birth of Benjamin Franklin" — The oldest scientific society in the new world is, I believe, the American Philosophical Society of Philadelphia…founded by Benjamin Franklin… An altogether exceptional feature of the ceremony was that a degree was conferred on the King, who was represented by Sir Mortimer Durand, H.M. Ambassador at Washington. In announcing this degree the Provost read with great effect the celebrated speech on England from Henry V. It is pleasant to record the enthusiastic cheers which the whole audience gave, standing, as the Ambassador was hooded… An American dinner is managed somewhat differently from our own, for the toast-master is not, as with us, a servant with a stentorian voice, but is the most highly honoured of the hosts of the occasion… Those who have taken part in such festivals in America need not be told that the organization was admirable and the hospitality unbounded.

From Nature 10 May 1906.

Ｓｔｅｒｄｉｎｇ：１００年前的Ｎａｔｕｒｅ看来还不想今天那样ｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃ，更多的是ｓｏｃｉａｌ的东西！１００年啊～～～多久远的年代啊！哲学，社会学……这些学科恐怕比自然科学早很多，还要ｎａｔｕｒａｌ很多。那时候的ｎａｔｕｒｅ更像现在的某个新闻报纸，呵呵！

Primate lentiviruses such as human immunodeficiency type 1 (HIV-1) have the capacity to infect non-dividing cells such as tissue macrophages¹. In the process, viral complementary DNA traverses the nuclear envelope to integrate within chromatin². Given the intimate association between chromatin and the nuclear envelope³, we examined whether HIV-1 appropriates nuclear envelope components during infection. Here we show that emerin, an integral inner-nuclear-envelope protein, is necessary for HIV-1 infection. Infection of primary macrophages lacking emerin was abortive in that viral cDNA localized to the nucleus but integration into chromatin was inefficient, and conversion of viral cDNA to non-functional episomal cDNA increased. HIV-1 cDNA associated with emerin in vivo, and the interaction of viral cDNA with chromatin was dependent on emerin. Barrier-to-autointegration factor (BAF), the LEM (LAP, emerin, MAN) binding partner of emerin, was required for the association of viral cDNA with emerin and for the ability of emerin to support virus infection. Therefore emerin, which bridges the interface between the inner nuclear envelope and chromatin, may be necessary for chromatin engagement by viral cDNA before integration.

Ｓｔｅｒｄｉｎｇ：关于艾滋病病毒的一篇文章，讲一种可能跟ＨＩＶ－１传染有关的内核包膜蛋白（不知道这样翻译对不对）。虽然跟自己做的方向有很大差距，但是还是挺关注的，自己也曾经做过一段时间的病毒研究，觉得“如果把人体看成一个相对完美的系统，病毒就是这个系统的ｂｕｇ，是上帝造人时候留下的木马。只有把病毒研究清楚了，人（ｈｕｍａｎ）才是一个完美的系统。“（ｓｔｅｒｄｉｎｇ）中国艾滋病的携带者越来越多，听Ｆａｎｔｏｆｔ几个研究艾滋的中国同学聊过，恐怕这个问题是世界问题，但是过不了几年更是一个中国问题了！